What Causes Testicular Swelling?

Testicular Swelling

The testes are small, egg-shaped male reproductive organs located within a sac called the scrotum. These two organs, responsible for hormone and sperm production, can undergo structural changes due to various reasons. Trauma, injuries, infections, or tumors occurring in the testes can cause swelling and, in some cases, discoloration.

Testicular swelling can be seen alone or simultaneously with various symptoms such as bruising, difficulty urinating (dysuria), pain, nausea, and penile discharge. Paying attention to these symptoms is important; determining the causes of testicular swelling and applying for treatment options in the early process can prevent loss of function and ensure the protection of general health.

Why Do Testicles Swell?

There is no single answer to this question; multiple causes can result in swelling in the testes and scrotum.

Trauma: Trauma to the testicles can cause swelling in the region. Severe pain and redness in the scrotum may occur as a result of physical situations such as an accident or a kick. To ensure blood flow to the testes is not obstructed, especially if symptoms such as swelling, difficulty urinating, or fever are seen simultaneously, medical support must be sought immediately.

Hydrocele: It is a condition characterized by fluid accumulation in the scrotum. It usually does not cause pain and is observed unilaterally. Although it is more common in infancy, it can also occur in adult men. It has a high probability of resolving spontaneously.

Epididymitis: The tube-shaped anatomical structure that functions in the sperm transport process is called the epididymis. Swelling and irritation occurring in the epididymis is called epididymitis. Pain accompanying swelling in the testes is among common symptoms. It can emerge as a result of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) or infections. Its treatment is planned specifically for the individual according to the cause.

Varicocele: It is the varicose enlargement of the veins within the scrotum. Although not always, it can cause pain and simultaneously lead to swelling in the testes. Although it generally affects the left testis, it can cause symptoms in both testes. When symptoms caused by varicocele become evident, it is important to consult urology and andrology specialists. Especially in young men, the treatment of this disease may turn into an important necessity for preserving testicular functions, in other words, fertility. You can get detailed information on the subject from my Microsurgical Varicocele Surgery content.

Orchitis: It is an infection that causes swelling in one or both of the testes. It can originate from viral, bacterial, or sexually transmitted infections. Orchitis can cause severe pain and swelling. It mostly starts in one of the testes and affects the other over time. If the swelling in the scrotum does not subside within a few days, it is necessary to consult a physician.

Testicular Torsion: It is a condition requiring emergency medical intervention. Following testicular torsion, which occurs as a result of the twisting of the spermatic cord (which provides blood flow to the testes) inside the scrotum, blood flow to the testes can be cut off. It can occur as a result of testicular injury or without any reason. In addition to swelling, sudden and severe pain is among its most typical symptoms. In a similar situation, one must be examined by urology and andrology specialists immediately.

Testicular Cancer: Malignant tumor formations may be in question within the testes. It is usually seen unilaterally but can occur in both testes. Feeling a mass (lump) in the testes, swelling, and pain in the scrotum are some of the commonly seen symptoms. Testicular cancer, the incidence of which increases in men generally between the ages of 20 and 35, can be treated successfully with early diagnosis.